The following are some common test standards for wind resistance of photovoltaic modules:
IEC 612151: The standard on the performance and safety of photovoltaic modules formulated by the International Electrotechnical Commission. This standard stipulates that photovoltaic modules should be capable of maintaining a normal operating state under a wind load of 2400Pa (equivalent to a wind force of level 11) without undergoing damage or excessive deformation. Meanwhile, the components also need to pass mechanical load tests, including static mechanical load tests and dynamic mechanical load tests. The static mechanical load is required to be at least 1.5 times the designed load. By applying a certain load and measuring parameters such as the displacement and stress of the components, the load-bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of the components are determined. Dynamic mechanical load testing typically requires the application of a positive and negative pressure of 1000Pa in cycles on the front of the component, three cycles per minute, for a total of 1000 times, to assess the fatigue resistance and material durability of the component under alternating forward and reverse pressure under strong wind.
UL 17031: A safety standard for solar photovoltaic modules formulated by Underwriters Laboratories of the United States. It is required that the photovoltaic modules remain intact when the wind speed reaches 2400Pa (equivalent to a wind level of 11), and a series of detailed testing methods and technical indicators are stipulated.
ASCE 7: A standard formulated by the American Society of Civil Engineers, which has relevant regulations on the calculation of wind loads on building structures, etc. In cases where photovoltaic systems are installed on building rooftops, etc., this standard can be referred to to assess the impact of photovoltaic systems on the overall wind resistance performance of buildings, etc.
FM 44742: A standard under Underwriters Laboratories (UL), it is often used to test the wind resistance performance of roof systems. For the photovoltaic system installed on the roof, this test can be used to evaluate its wind resistance capacity when working in coordination with the roof system, simulate the dynamic load of the real wind field, and focus on detecting the overall wind resistance stability of the photovoltaic-roof system.
ASTM E15922: A standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials for testing the wind-induced internal pressure resistance of building structures. In the wind resistance test of photovoltaic systems, it can be used to evaluate the ability of photovoltaic module installation structures to resist internal pressure changes under the action of wind, etc.
In China, although the national testing standards for photovoltaic brackets have not yet been issued, the industry standard JG/T 490-2016 "General Technical Requirements for Brackets of Solar Photovoltaic Systems" can be used as a reference. In addition, some enterprises will also formulate more stringent internal wind resistance testing standards based on the characteristics of their own products and the demands of the target market, to ensure the safety and reliability of their products under various harsh wind conditions.